In this lesson we will see the grammatical structure of last five irregular verbs. These are verbs that do not follow a regular model when their verbal base is conjugated with tense and number. In fact, there are some verbs that have completely different forms when they change in tense and number.
/eltoc/ “to be in a place, to be in a certain state” (for non-animated subjects and plants)
/oncah/ “there is”
/yatoc/ “to be resting in a chair, to be resting in a position of rest”
/ihcatoc/ “to be standing”
/mantoc/ “to be storing something liquid” (the use of mantoc changes with different drinks)
Tlamanextilli ahahuiltiliztli tlen tlachihualiztli huan cequin tlahtolpamitl (Example of the conjugation of verbs and some sentences)
/eltoc/ “to be in a place, to be in a certain state” (for non-animated subjects and plants)
Present
Eltoc “It is”
Past
Eltoya “It was”
Future
Eltoz “It will be”
Conditional
Eltozquia “It should be”
Imperative
Ma elto “It is!”
Nican eltoc atl.
Ne alaxoxcuahuitl eltoc nelhueyi huan tomahuac.
/oncah/ “there is”
Present
Oncah “There is”
Past
Oncac “There was”
Future
Oncaz “There will be”
Conditional
Oncazquia “There should be”
Imperative
Ma oncah “There is!”
Nomillah oncah miac alaxoxcuatinih huan yehyectzin tlaqui.
Karina ichan oncah miac tlacualli pampa miac huallazceh tlen tlacuazceh.
/yatoc/ “to be resting in a chair, to be resting in a position of rest”
Present
Niyatoc “I am sitting”
Tiyatoc “You are sitting”
Yatoc “She/he is sitting”
Tiyatoqueh “We are sitting”
Inyatoqueh “You (plural) are sitting”
Yatoqueh “They are sitting”
Past
Niyatoya “I was sitting”
Tiyatoya “You were sitting”
Yatoya “She/he was sitting”
Tiyatoyah “We were sitting”
Inyatoyah “You (plural) were sitting”
Yatoyah “They were sitting”
Future
Niyatoz “I will be sitting”
Tiyatoz “You will be sitting”
Yatoz “She/he will be sitting”
Tiyatozceh “We will be sitting”
Inyatozceh “You (plural) will be sitting”
Yatozceh “They will be sitting”
Conditional
Niyatozquia “I should be sitting”
Tiyatozquia “You should be sitting”
Yatozquia “She/he should be sitting”
Tiyatozquiah “We should be sitting”
Inyatozquiah “You (plural) should be sitting”
Yatozquiah “They should be sitting”
Imperative
Ma niyato “I be sitted!”
Xiyato “Be sitted!”
Ma yato “She/he be sitted!”
Ma tiyatocan “We be sitted!”
Xiyatocan “You (plural) be sitted!”
Ma yatocan “They be sitted!”
Chela yatoc pan cuaciyah pampa ciauhtoc.
Santa huanya inanan zan yatoqueh pampa ciauhqueh tlachpanah.
/ihcatoc/ “to be standing”
Present
Niihcatoc “I am standing”
Tiihcatoc “You are standing”
Ihcatoc “She/he is standing”
Tiihcatoqueh “We are standing”
Inihcatoqueh “You (plural) are standing”
Ihcatoqueh “They are standing”
Past
Niihcatoya “I was standing”
Tiihcatoya “You were standing”
Ihcatoya “She/he was standing”
Tiihcatoyah “We were standing”
Inihcatoyah “You were standing”
Ihcatoyah “They were standing”
Future
Niihcatoz “I will be standing”
Tiihcatoz “You were standing”
Ihcatoz “She/he was standing”
Tiihcatozceh “We were standing”
Inihcatozceh “You (plural) were standing”
Ihcatozceh “They were standing”
Conditional
Niihcatozquia “I should be standing”
Tiihcatozquia “You should be standing”
Ihcatozquia “She/he should be standing”
Tiihcatozquiah “We should be standing”
Inihcatozquiah “You (plural) should be standing”
Ihcatozquiah “They should be standing”
Imperative
Ma niihcato “I be standing!”
Xiihcato “You be standing!”
Ma ihcato “She/he be standing!”
Ma tiihcatocan “We be standing!”
Xiihcatocan “You (plural) be standing!”
Ma ihcatocan “They be standing!”
Notlanempan ihcatoc ce yehyectzin alaxoxcuahuitl.
Teresa ihcatoc inechca mancohcuahuitl pampa cuatzalan.
/mantoc/ “to be storing something liquid” (the use of mantoc changes with different drinks)
Present
Mantoc “She/he is storing water”
Pasado
Mantoya “She/he was storing water”
Futuro
Mantoz “She/he will be storing water”
Condicional
Mantozquia “She/he should be storing water”
Imperativo
Ma manto “She/he be storing water!”
Etlacualli tlen mochiuhqui yahuatzinco mantoc pan chachapalli tlen hueyi.
Nocca mantoc atl pan presa campa atli torohmeh.
Tequitl ce (Activity One): Write 5 sentences with these new verbs in whichever tense you would like