In this lesson we will see the grammatical structure of last five irregular verbs. These are verbs that do not follow a regular model when their verbal base is conjugated with tense and number. In fact, there are some verbs that have completely different forms when they change in tense and number.
/eltoc/ “to be in a place, to be in a certain state” (for non-animated subjects and plants)
/oncah/ “there is”
/yatoc/ “to be resting in a chair, to be resting in a position of rest”
/ihcatoc/ “to be standing”
/māntoc/ “to be storing something liquid” (the use of mantoc changes with different drinks)
Tlamanēxtilli ahāhuiltiliztli tlen tlachīhualiztli huan cequin tlahtolpāmitl (Example of the conjugation of verbs and some sentences)
/eltoc/ “to be in a place, to be in a certain state” (for non-animated subjects and plants)
Present
Eltoc “It is”
Past
Eltoya “It was”
Future
Eltoz “It will be”
Conditional
Eltozquia “It should be”
Imperative
Ma elto “It is!”
Nicān eltoc ātl.
Ne alaxoxcuahuitl eltoc nelhueyi huan tomāhuac.
/oncah/ “there is”
Present
Oncah “There is”
Past
Oncac “There was”
Future
Oncaz “There will be”
Conditional
Oncazquia “There should be”
Imperative
Ma oncah “There is!”
Nomīllah oncah miac alaxoxcuatinih huan yehyēctzin tlaqui.
Karina īchān oncah miac tlacualli pampa miac huāllazceh tlen tlacuāzceh.
/yatoc/ “to be resting in a chair, to be resting in a position of rest”
Present
Niyatoc “I am sitting”
Tiyatoc “You are sitting”
Yatoc “She/he is sitting”
Tiyatoqueh “We are sitting”
Inyatoqueh “You (plural) are sitting”
Yatoqueh “They are sitting”
Past
Niyatoya “I was sitting”
Tiyatoya “You were sitting”
Yatoya “She/he was sitting”
Tiyatoyah “We were sitting”
Inyatoyah “You (plural) were sitting”
Yatoyah “They were sitting”
Future
Niyatoz “I will be sitting”
Tiyatoz “You will be sitting”
Yatoz “She/he will be sitting”
Tiyatozceh “We will be sitting”
Inyatozceh “You (plural) will be sitting”
Yatozceh “They will be sitting”
Conditional
Niyatozquia “I should be sitting”
Tiyatozquia “You should be sitting”
Yatozquia “She/he should be sitting”
Tiyatozquiah “We should be sitting”
Inyatozquiah “You (plural) should be sitting”
Yatozquiah “They should be sitting”
Imperative
Ma niyato “I be sitted!”
Xiyato “Be sitted!”
Ma yato “She/he be sitted!”
Ma tiyatocān “We be sitted!”
Xiyatocān “You (plural) be sitted!”
Ma yatocān “They be sitted!”
Chela yatoc pan cuaciyah pampa ciauhtoc.
Santa huanya inanān zan yatoqueh pampa ciauhqueh tlachpānah.
/ihcatoc/ “to be standing”
Present
Niihcatoc “I am standing”
Tiihcatoc “You are standing”
Ihcatoc “She/he is standing”
Tiihcatoqueh “We are standing”
Inihcatoqueh “You (plural) are standing”
Ihcatoqueh “They are standing”
Past
Niihcatoya “I was standing”
Tiihcatoya “You were standing”
Ihcatoya “She/he was standing”
Tiihcatoyah “We were standing”
Inihcatoyah “You were standing”
Ihcatoyah “They were standing”
Future
Niihcatoz “I will be standing”
Tiihcatoz “You were standing”
Ihcatoz “She/he was standing”
Tiihcatozceh “We were standing”
Inihcatozceh “You (plural) were standing”
Ihcatozceh “They were standing”
Conditional
Niihcatozquia “I should be standing”
Tiihcatozquia “You should be standing”
Ihcatozquia “She/he should be standing”
Tiihcatozquiah “We should be standing”
Inihcatozquiah “You (plural) should be standing”
Ihcatozquiah “They should be standing”
Imperative
Ma niihcato “I be standing!”
Xiihcato “You be standing!”
Ma ihcato “She/he be standing!”
Ma tiihcatocān “We be standing!”
Xiihcatocān “You (plural) be standing!”
Ma ihcatocān “They be standing!”
Notlanempan ihcatoc cē yehyēctzin alaxoxcuahuitl.
Teresa ihcatoc īnechca mancohcuahuitl pampa cuatzālan.
/māntoc/ “to be storing something liquid” (the use of mantoc changes with different drinks)
Present
Māntoc “She/he is storing water”
Pasado
Māntoya “She/he was storing water”
Futuro
Māntoz “She/he will be storing water”
Condicional
Māntozquia “She/he should be storing water”
Imperativo
Ma mānto “She/he be storing water!”
Etlacualli tlen mochīuhqui yāhuatzinco māntoc pan chachapalli tlen huēyi.
Nocca māntoc ātl pan presa cāmpa ātli torohmeh.
Tequitl cē (Activity One): Write 5 sentences with these new verbs in whichever tense you would like